Easy and Quick Homemade Silly Putty Recipes

Silly Putty was invented in 1943 when an engineer accidentally dropped boric acid into silicone oil. It made its big debut at the International Toy Fair in New York in 1950, packaged in plastic eggs to be sold as an Easter novelty item. Since then, Silly Putty has remained a popular science toy! While you probably dont have the ingredients to make the original Silly Putty polymer, there are a couple of silly putty recipes that use common household ingredients. Silly Putty Recipe #1 The first recipe is a stiff type of slime that resemble putty: 1/4 cup glue3/8 cup water (1/4 cup water plus 1/8 cup water)1 tablespoon borax 1. Mix together 1/4 cup glue and 1/4 cup water. Add food coloring if you want colored Silly Putty. 2. In a separate container, dissolve 1 tablespoon borax in 1/8 cup water. 3. Stir the borax mixture and glue mixture together to make the putty. If the Silly Putty is too sticky, you can add more borax one teaspoon at a time to stiffen the mixture. Silly Putty Recipe #2 This recipe relies on polymerization between starch and glue. This recipe produces putty with a nice workable consistency: 1/4 cup liquid starch1/4 cup glue 1. Mix the liquid starch and glue together. Add food coloring, if desired. 2. If the Silly Putty is too sticky, add more liquid starch until you get the consistency you want. How to Store Homemade Silly Putty There are many fun activities to try with the putty, plus you can keep it for later use. Store homemade Silly Putty in a sealed plastic container. Putting the container in the refrigerator helps prevent mold from growing on the putty.

History the Triangle Fire Essay - 2608 Words

Eleonore Constant Fall 2011 History 162 Modern America Dr. Bittel PAPER OPTION #1 The Triangle Fire The terrible fire that revealed a harsh reality to the world Nowadays, it is almost impossible to find a building that does not have exit signs or fire extinguishers in America. Whether in a university or at the work place, exit signs and fire safety instructions can easily be found by anybody. Fire drills are regularly practiced to ensure the least amount of casualty will occur if something goes wrong. However, a hundred years ago safety issues were barely taken into considerations and safety regulations were most of the time inexistent, as illustrates the terrible fire that happened a hundred years ago at the Triangle†¦show more content†¦Nowadays, fire extinguishers would be found in any kind of factory, especially in a garment factory. However none where to be found in the Triangle Shirtwaist Factory, â€Å"An order had gone out to install automatic sprinklers in factories, but the manufacturers had organized to fight it because I meant so great an expenditure.† (Argersinger, 105). Employers were looking for ways to make as much savings as possible to maximize their profits instead of ensuring a minimum level of security for their workers. Even after the terrible tragedy happened, the new building the Triangle Waist Company used was not even fire proof and â€Å"the firm had already blocked the exit to the fire escape by two rows of sewing machines† (Argersinger, 105). The previous building where the fire had happened would only undergo a few repairs and re-open in the same condition it was in before the fire. This illustrates how the owners of the company did not care much about the safety of their factories, thus it comes as no surprise that the working conditions the shirtwaist makers had to endure were also terrible. The hard working conditions in the factories at that time was another reason why the Triangle Fire was an inevitable tragedy doomed to happen one day or another. Although working in factories had long been reserved to men, the fast growing industrialism allowed women to get out of their home to go work in factories.Show MoreRelatedThe Triangle Shirtwaist Company Fire Essay example1460 Words   |  6 Pagesfollowing is a short excerpt of those who fought and died due to the Triangle Shirtwaist Company Fire. â€Å"The â€Å"Triangle† Company†¦ With blood this name will be written in the history of the American workers’ movement, and with feel will this history recall the names of the strikers of this shop—of the crusaders.†Ã¢â‚¬â€ Jewish Daily Forward (Drehle) On March 25, 1911, the Triangle Shirtwaist Factory Fire broke out. Proper workers’ rights and fire prevention installations were not in place or were not followedRead More Triangle: The Fire that Changed America Essay1615 Words   |  7 Pagesâ€Å"The ‘Triangle’ company, â€Å"With blood this name will be written in the history of the American workers’ movement, and with feeling will this history recall the names of the strikers of this shop- of the crusaders† (Von Drehle 86). Even before it happen, the Forward predicted the terrible disaster of the Triangle Shirtwaist Factory that occurred one year, one month, and seventeen days later (86). Triangle: The Fire that Changed America, by David Von Drehle tells the story of the horrible fire. DavidRead MoreTriangle: The Fire That Changed America Essay1282 Words   |  6 PagesOn the afternoon of March 25, 1911, a fire broke out in the 10-floor Asch Building, a block east of Manhattans Washington Square. This is where 500 mostly young immigrant girls were producing shirts for the Triangle Shirtwaist Company. Within minutes, it spread to consume the buildings upper three stories. Firemen at the scene were unable to rescue those trapped inside: their ladders werent tall enough. Exits were locked, and the narrow fire escapes were inadequate. Panicked, many jumped fromRead MoreEssay about Triangle Shirtwaist Factory Fire1676 Words   |  7 Pagesand disaster did strike in March, 1911. The Triangle Shirtwaist Factory in New York set on fire, killing 146 workers. This is an important event in US history because it helped accomplish the tasks unions and strikes had tried to accomplish years earlier, It improved working conditions in factories nationwide and set new safety laws and regulations so that nothing as catastrophic would happen again. The workplace struggles became public after this fire, and the work industry would never remain theRead MoreThe Triangle Shirtwaist Factory Worker Policies1699 Words   |  7 Pagesindustrialization where there was the development of factory system and mass production, and the increasing growth rate population. While this transformation may have provided many benefits to Americans, it also carried negative results. For instance, The Triangle Shirtwaist Factory, located in Manhattan, New York City, managed by Max Blanck and Isaac Harris, sold shirtwaists, an immensely popular necessity that every women desired to have in their closet. Since Blanck and Harris were known for operating theRead MoreTriangle: the Fire That Changed America Essay1432 Words   |  6 Pagescourse of history. On March 25, 1911, one such event took place. The infamous Triangle Shirtwaist Fire occurred that day, and left one hundred and for ty-six people dead in its wake. While many at the time thought the story would soon pass, and with it all the potential bad publicity, the story of the fire spread quickly, and outraged many people. As a result, the Triangle Shirtwaist Fire ended up changing many business and political practices of the time. In his book Triangle: The Fire that ChangedRead MoreDon t Dwell On The Inner Darkness Of Yourself887 Words   |  4 Pagesoffice. Many people questioned my bold personality some accused me of bigotry. Me? Teddy Roosevelt? I prefer to be known as â€Å"TR†, the President to be known in history (1901-1909) as â€Å"The American Lion.† Our new President brought passion and power to the office, courageously leading the American people and Congress toward progressive reforms in history. Presidency power should be utilized to fight for what’s right, in taking any action necessary for the good of the people. I didn’t once agree with anyoneRead More The Triangle Fire Essay1186 Words   |  5 Pages In an era of a rising unionization, The Triangle Fire, calligraphy written my Leon Stein, describes one of the worst industrial disasters in the nation’s history that ended up killing 146 of the 500 Triangle Shirtwaist Company employees, which happened to be female immigrant workers. These immigrants came to the United States with their families in search for a better life. Instead they found themselves working long hours only to receive low wages along with horrendous working circumstances withRead MoreThe Tragedy Of August 25 By Max Blanck And Isaac Harris1426 Words   |  6 PagesThe tragedy of March 25, 1911 was a crucial turning point and important era of awareness of worker powerlessness during the age of early American industrialization. The fir e that consumed the Triangle Shirtwaist Factory remains a haunting memory for this nation. The fates of innocent workers sent a wave of grief throughout the entire nation. The victims died as a result of a serious neglect for safety features within the facility and brought widespread attention to the dangerous working conditionsRead MoreBook Review of Triangle: The Fire That Changed America1473 Words   |  6 PagesTriangle: The Fire That Changed America New York: First Grove Press David Von Drehle 2003 Book Review 1. Did the author make a complete and honest analysis of the topic? This book is about the fire at the Triangle Shirtwaist Factory in New York City in March, 1911. The factory claimed the lives of 146 women and men, mostly young women, during the 30 minutes that the fire blazed. It is still the largest industrial disaster that has ever happened in New York City. The author of the book writes

Study Of The Term Gifted In America History Essay Free Essays

The earliest known reference of the term gifted in America can be traced back to 1868. It was in St. Louis in 1868 that the overseer of schools in St. We will write a custom essay sample on Study Of The Term Gifted In America History Essay or any similar topic only for you Order Now Louis made attempts to addressed the instruction of talented pupils. In 1901 a school in Worster, Massachusetts was the first school to offer a particular school for the gifted. Curiously plenty, the following important development in the history of the gifted in America must get down in Europe, as the developments there had an impact upon the capable affair of the history of the gifted in America. In 1905, two Gallic research workers, Binet-Simon, created a method of analyzing higher mental processes.2 The Binet-Simon â€Å" trial was used to assist place school-aged kids who were mentally retarded. â€Å" 3 After the Binet-Simon trial in France, three major developments in the history of the gifted in America occurred from 1916-1918. The first of the three major developments occurred in 1916. Though the capable affair of this paper, the â€Å" History of Gifted in America, † evidently involves the gifted in America, it must get down with this European milepost of the work competed in France because the Binet-Simon trial, â€Å" the first practical intelligence graduated table † 4, would be subsequently revised by an American research worker by the name of Lewis Terman, who is otherwise known as the â€Å" male parent † of the talented instruction movement.5 The alteration would subsequently be known as the Stanford-Binet trial in 1916.6 The alteration of the Binet-Simon trial by Terman resulted in the celebrated nomenclature, I. Q. or intelligence quotient. The following major development in the history of the gifted in America involves the Great War. After being thrust into the mist of the Great War by the Zimmerman Note, a finding was made by military functionaries in America to use two trials â€Å" to measure the aptitude of nonreader, untaught, or non-English speech production conscripts and voluntaries, † for the war,7 ( of which Lewis Terman played a cardinal function as well.8 ) In 1917, the alpha and the Beta trials were used by the armed forces. Harmonizing to a web site entitled ASVAB, â€Å" In 1917-1918, the Army alpha and Beta trials were developed so that military commanding officers could hold some step of the ability of their forces. The Army Alpha was a group-administered trial that measured verbal ability, numerical ability, ability to follow waies, and cognition of information. The Army Beta was a non-verbal opposite number of the Army Alpha. â€Å" 9 The 3rd major accomplishment I the field of the gifted in America occurred in 1918. It was in 1918 that Lulu Stedman established an â€Å" chance room † for talented pupils within the University Training School at the Southern Branch of the University of California. â€Å" 10 During the mid-twentiess, four achievements contributed to the development of the history of the gifted in America. With the end of helping in the creative activity of a system of meritocracy, which is a â€Å" societal order based on graded degrees of native ability † ,11 in 1921Lewis Terman conducted the longest running longitudinal survey of about 1500 pupils. Terman ‘s intent for carry oning the survey was to confute the belief â€Å" that gifted kids were underdeveloped in nonintellectual countries. â€Å" 12 Ultimately, Terman concluded that talented kids excelled in academic countries and were emotionally secure.13 The 2nd development in the country of the gifted in America occurred one twelvemonth subsequently. In 1922, Leta Hollingsworth of Columbia University, an advocator for working with talented pupils in New York, opened an â€Å" Opportunity category in P.S. 165 in New York City † 14. The following two events concerned publications of the two rese arch workers mentioned supra. In 1925 Lewis Terman published Genetic Studies of Genius which concluded that â€Å" a ) qualitatively different in schools, B ) somewhat better physically and emotionally in comparing to normal pupils, degree Celsius ) higher-up in academic topics in comparing to the mean pupils, vitamin D ) emotionally stable, e ) most successful when instruction and household values were held in high respect by the household, and degree Fahrenheit ) boundlessly variable in combination with the figure of traits exhibited by those in the studyaˆÂ ¦ † 15 The 2nd work was published by Leta Hollingsworth in 1926. Hollingsworth ‘s work was entitled the Gifted Child: Their Nature and Raising and was considered the first text edition on talented instruction. Ten old ages subsequently Hollingsworth established P.S. 500, the Speyer School which was focused upon supplying instruction for gifted Children.16 Though a handful of research workers were working hard to convey attending to the gifted in America, the beginning of the Cold War would catapult the issue of the gifted in America to the head of many of the issues confronting the state in the 1950s and catapult the American authorities into the treatment of the gifted in America. In 1950 J.P. Guilford challenged â€Å" an scrutiny of intelligence as a multidimensional concept † , and the â€Å" National Science foundation Act provid ( erectile dysfunction ) federal support for research and instruction in mathematics, physical scientific discipline, and technology. â€Å" 17 In 1954, the â€Å" National association of Gifted kids † was established under the leading of ann Issacs, in add-on to the determination of Brown v. Board of Education which ended the â€Å" separate but equal † philosophy in education.18 after the successful launching of the Sputnick ballistic capsule in 1957 by the Union of Soviet Social ist Republics, the United States was forced to concentrate its attending on its â€Å" human capital † and the province of instruction in America. The United States began to pass big amounts of capital in an effort to place â€Å" the brightest and gifted pupils who would outdo net income from an advanced math, scientific discipline, and engineering. â€Å" 19 the following twelvemonth, the â€Å" National Defense Education Act † signaled the first full graduated table enterprise by the federal authorities in the country of the gifted in America.20 In 1972 the Marland Report issued a formal definition of giftedness and suggested that schools adopt a definition which would include academic and rational endowment in add-on to leading ability, ocular ability and psychomotor ability.21 In 1974, the â€Å" Office of the Gifted and Talented † was given official status.22 Approximately ten old ages subsequently another study, issued by the Secretary of the Department of Education declared that the United States of America was at hazard due to a â€Å" rising tide of averageness that threatens the really hereafter of the country.23 In 1988 a strong advocate of the gifted in America, United States Senator Jacob Javitz was recognized in an passage which, bearing his name sought to supply capital for research â€Å" into the best schemes to assist talented pupils † in America and by placing â€Å" pupils from hapless backgrounds, non-English † talking backgrounds and ‘the disabled to take part in talented instr uction. â€Å" 24 Ten old ages after the â€Å" State at Risk † study issued by the United States Department of Education, another study was issued by the United States Department of Education entitled â€Å" National Excellence † . In this 1993 study sketch how America neglected talented pupils in the state and offered some recommendations on how to proceed.25 In 1998, â€Å" the National association for Gifted Children published a papers entitled â€Å" Pre-K-Grade 12 Gifted Plan Standards † to supply counsel in seven cardinal countries to plan helping gifted and talented pupils † 26 Finally, in the Twenty first century the â€Å" No Child Left behind statute law was enacted. This jurisprudence efficaciously reauthorizes the Elementary and Secondary Education Act. â€Å" The Javitz plan is included in NCLB, and expanded to offer competitory statewide grants. † The definition of the term gifted was modified. How to cite Study Of The Term Gifted In America History Essay, Essay examples

Academic Life and Achievements Personal Statement

Question: Describe about the Academic Life and Achievements for Personal Statement. Answer: Academic Life and achievements until date Advanced Diploma in Mental Health Management Level 4 GSCs in 1988 Alvels in 1989 Worked as Care Support Care Assistant for the last 8 years and completed mandatory training Holds NVQ 2 and NVQ 3 in care I would like to apply for Mental Health Nursing course from well-recognized university. I have prior experience of eight complete years as care support care Assistant. I have even completed mandatory training while working that made me understand the roles and responsibilities in better ways. I am applying for Mental Health Nursing Course as I find interest in these subjects and completed Advanced Diploma in Mental Health Management. Healthcare system is one of the important topics in present society. I would like to apply for Mental Health Nursing Course that will give an edge over others and wide opportunities in the recent situation. It is important to understand the fact that serving patients and understanding their mental health will help in gaining people skill management for future analysis purpose. Mental Health Care Nursing With increased aging population as well as demand, mental health care become my career choices for entering well-known University. This will be my excell ent career options in healthcare management, as I will get opportunity in showing my talent in effective and efficient way. I always believe in helping others in need and this quality will help me in serving patients in required way. Healthcare management is one of the main career focuses of individuals that run business side of medical as well as nursing facility. Healthcare management will render many opportunities in running hospitals in desired form. Strengths According to me, I have little strength that makes me eligible for entering into well-recognized university. I have essential transferrable skills and adjusting attitude towards adapting to a given work environment and understand people skills, planning skills as well as communication skills at the same time. After working for 8 years, I have realized that I was hardworking and believe in completing work on specified time. I am friendly in nature, love listening to others, and help them in time of need. This attitude is essential for serving patients and course work at mental health care system. I have the ability in working under no supervision and expressive as well as punctual. I also have the knowledge-based skills as I have pursued necessary courses before hand for gaining credentials and associated recognition. I hold an NVQ2 and NVQ3 that make me eligible for the courses that I show interest in. Weakness As all other human beings, I too have certain weakness and try everyday in reducing it as far as possible. I analyze some of my weakness and listing the same: I believe in completing my work in perfect way. This is time-consuming. I cannot concentrate in any other work until my work is over in perfect manner. By doing this, I spoil my health by continuous effort made for reaching level of perfection. According to me, it is my weakness in not letting go any work in casual way. I think health is equally important that should be taken care off. By working day and night for reaching perfection, health is adversely affected and my family members are tensed for that. I am working hard to complete work on time and spend quality time with friends and families as well. I am trying hard to minimize the weakness as far as possible. I am too attached with persons and emotionally am laid off. This attitude will damage my work as I had to handle people during course and future cases given to me. I work hard to get emotionally strong in matters and trying my best for overcoming it on quick basis. After pointing out my strengths and weakness in elaborative way, I would like to address on points that career in Mental Health Care Management will give opportunity in serving society as a whole. I would like to work out of full dedication as I did before in these eight years. As a care support assistant, I had to handle people complaints and listen to them with ultimate solution at the same time. Work Experience I have 8 years work experience as Care Support Assistant Mature Students After completing education Advanced Diploma in Mental Health Management Level 4, I have completed mandatory training. Future Coursework and Plans My future course plan will be relating to mental health care system. I will continue in this particular field as entire course learned are based upon this. I will have wide variety of job opportunities after the course work in mental health care system. I will love to continue job in healthcare management or administration. It will render variety of career paths as well as options in interesting work and salary ranges. It depends upon the level of education and prior work experience at the same time. I would like to serve patients at topmost hospitals with the knowledge gained during lifetime. By continuous hard work, I look myself at topmost position as owning hospitals and serves best interest of patients care system as far as possible. This mainly includes planning as well as coordination of medical and health services. It mainly directly towards facilities, personnel management as well as day-to-day operations in desired form. This position will require handling responsibilities and managing people at hospital. I feel that Personnel Management side of mental hospital is the most challenging work. In future, I would like to use my strengths in practical course of action and try hard in minimizing weakness so that I have edge over others and has the ability in serving society as a whole. I would like to handle people in desired way and responsible in helping them in time of need. I would like to continue my studies as I have prior experience in care support area and nurture my existing talent in the most appropriate way.

Environmental Ethics Land Ethic and the Platform of Deep Ecology

Introduction Environmental issues have for a long time now been discussed and debated all over the world. The twenty-first century call for a reconsideration of the approaches through which environmental concerns that affect the planet earth as well as the societies in it are dealt with (Bunnin 517). People of the world have been called upon to embrace those practices that will ensure sustainable development so as not to compromise the survival of both the present and future generations.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Environmental Ethics: Land Ethic and the Platform of Deep Ecology specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Attfield defines environmental ethics as the study of ethics of the day to day interactions of human beings with their environment and their impacts on the systems of nature (15). This essay discusses the connections between Leopold’s â€Å"Land ethic† and the platform of deep ecology an d their appropriateness to environment ethics. The usefulness of these connections to two current issues of environmental concern is presented. Leopold’s â€Å"Land Ethic† Leopold’s ‘Land Ethic’ that was introduced in 1949 defined a new dimension of understanding the relationship between human beings and the natural environment and paved the way for the present day professional conservationists movement (Jamieson 204). These conservationists are concerned with anthropogenic pollution of water and air by harmful industrial wastes, alarming decline in the number of species, deliberate extinction of species as well as the introduction of new species in new habitats. According to Leopold, ethics have undergone significant growth in scope and complexity over the past 3,000 years in western civilization. In ecological terms, ethics refers to the limitation on freedom of action in the struggle for existence while philosophers define it as a differentiation of social from anti-social conduct (Jamieson 205). He believed that ethics are meant to guide individuals to unite for the common good. Leopold is credited for arguing that ‘community’ ought to include both human and non-human elements in the environment like waters, animals, plants, and soils which may be referred generally from an ecological perspective as land. The land is to be loved and accorded respect as an extension of ethics (Jamieson 208). Human beings, therefore, have a great responsibility of protecting and preserving the land in the larger context. Leopold summarized the evolution of ethics as presented by Darwin by stating that all ethics so far advanced are underpinned upon one major premise: that the individual belongs to a larger community whose parts are interdependent (Jamieson 208). Land, therefore, is a community to which man belongs and not a commodity owned by human beings, and hence all are members of the biotic community. The ever increasing hu man population has been identified as a major threat (unethical) to the biotic community (Jamieson 210). The land ethic in the time of a changing science of ecology has been a major topic for discussion. Ecologically, Leopold argued that nature should be at static equilibrium but this has not been possible due to disturbance and perturbation, especially those stirred by human beings (Jamieson 214).Advertising Looking for essay on environmental studies? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The shift in contemporary ecology to a more dynamic paradigm raises concerns of whether the concept of land ethic is still real in the modern world. Over the past decades, there has been a paradigm shift from a static equilibrium of nature to the â€Å"flux of nature† in ecology. Many have been left questioning the validity of the land ethic. When putting across his idea of environmental conservation and preservation, Leopold was aware of t he implications of his words in a dynamic, ever changing biota (Jamieson 214). This is because the words used literally mean to â€Å"arrest change.† This tension was addressed by the introduction of concept of scale which includes rate (temporal) and scope (spatial) when used in ecology. Leopold argued that evolutionary changes ought to be slow and localized but the invention of sophisticated tools by man has facilitated changes at unprecedented rapidity, violence, as well as scope (Jamieson 214). In his opinion, Leopold believed that man was an ordinary member and citizen of the land community and just equal to other members of the community. However, he argued that man was a moral species and could deliberate ethically and make conscientious choices. Hence, they are endowed with an obligation of caring for the rest of the land-community. A Critical Position Having elaborated on the concept of land ethic as put forward by Aldo Leopold, it is worthy giving a critique of his arguments. His propositions have a scientific basis and cannot be dismissed as being naà ¯ve claims. The coming into existence of ecology which is concerned with the study of the complex relationships between the diverse species and their natural habitats reinforced the tenet of the land ethic. The suggestion put forward by Leopold’s on the need to extend the human community to incorporate the non-human aspects of the world is wise and acceptable (Callicort 15). None can ignore the interrelatedness of these dimensions of nature. In order to preserve the ecological stability of nature, there is need to promote sustainable co-existence among the members of land. Throughout the history of the world, ethical consciousness has undergone change with the advancement of our species. In terms of the position of human beings in the land community, Leopold wants all to be regarded as equal members of the community. This may sound controversial but I think clarification given is accepta ble.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Environmental Ethics: Land Ethic and the Platform of Deep Ecology specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Human beings are not in any way degraded to the same moral level as non-human components, instead man is expanding his boundaries to include the rest of nature into his community since man is a moral agent (Callicort 17). The challenge here is a situation where man is treated in the same way as non-human members as was the case with slaves during colonial period. The arguments presented by Leopold can play a crucial role when it comes to sustainable use of available ‘resources’ by man. His intention is not to prevent man from making use of the resources but to make human beings aware of the fact that these non-human components of nature have a right to continue existing. This is evidenced by the fact that if man’s advancements in various spheres are not check ed, he has the potential of altering the entire natural order of the world. Nuclear wastes, ever rising temperatures, mass extinction of species, among other catastrophic phenomena can have significant impacts on the human and non-human components of the community. In general, Leopold’s land ethic was designed to restrain the civilized man’s impact on other species and natural environment at large. Application to a Current Issue In the quest to promote environmental ethics in the U.S., a number of conflicts have been experienced over the decades between conservationists and those having reservations on the ideas championed by the environmental professionals. Dr. Ivar Giaever, the 1973 winner of the Nobel Prize in physics resigned on September 13, 2011, from his position annoyed by the society’s official statement of policy that â€Å"global warming is occurring† (Hayward). He accused global warming crusaders and politicians as being money-hungry individua ls ready to exploit unsuspecting American citizens. Giaever believed that there is no scientific evidence to show that global warming was occurring and that its effects, if at all there is any, would be devastating. In his resignation letter, he criticized the claims that greenhouse gas emissions were changing the atmospheric conditions and hence affecting the planet earth’s climate. He said that any changes in the world are natural and human activity should not be blamed. He also argued that data showing the extinction of polar bear were forged by known scientists. Although he agreed that the climatic changes could have and will occur, Giaever was perturbed by those out to con people by politicizing science. The sentiments aired by this scientist represent the opinions of many on how man interacts with nature. The critical question provoked by Giaever is what the real intentions of the conservationists and politicians are when they seem to champion for a better world.Adverti sing Looking for essay on environmental studies? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Is it the love of money? Is it out of their desire for a balanced land-community or ecosystem? Calls to reverse the trend of climate change may best be understood if Leopold’s arguments are brought into focus. Perhaps, the passionate feelings expressed by Dr. Giaever and other like-minded individuals could be that they have never imagined that the non-human beings can be accorded moral standing. If that be the case, then they are still embracing the traditional Western systems of ethics. The Platform of Deep Ecology The term â€Å"deep ecology† came into existence in the early 1970s but its usage has ever since spread to the international environment movement platform (Jamieson 218). Naess, the pioneer of the term highlighted seven principles of deep ecology. These are: metaphysics of inter-relatedness, an ethos of biospherical egalitarianism, the values of diversity and symbiosis, an anti-class posture, opposition to pollution and depletion of resources, the value of complexity, and an emphasis on local autonomy and decentralization (Jamieson 218). These principles point toward a cohesive ecological world-view, and to some of the ethical and political implications of such a view of the world (Jamieson 219). Deep ecology, therefore, implies that the whole world is interrelated to its ontological depths. While explaining the principles, Naess adopted an ecological world-view. He pointed out that the first principle shows that no individual is independent of the other members of the world or reality, but part of the whole. Thus reality should be seen as relational as opposed to aggregative in nature. Then there is the interrelatedness of all forms of life which have equal right to live and blossom. The principles of diversity and symbiotic relationship are at the core of ecology since they facilitate the enjoyment the other entitlements. All other non-ecological forms resulting from exploitation and suppression are to be discouraged as pointed out by the next principle (Jamieson 219). Pollution and exploitation should then be fought since it leads to resource depletion. However, the war against pollution should be fought in such a way that it does not exacerbate class differences. Appeal to ecological thinking by embracing the value of complexity is also a critical principle. Finally, local autonomy as opposed to decentralization is to be promoted so as to enhance the integrity of individuals as well as the systems (Jamieson 219). A Critical Position This notion of the relationship/interrelatedness between human beings and nature is connected to Leopold’s â€Å"Land ethics† as they both advocate for some sort of unity between the human and non-human. The perspective from which the world is to be viewed from deep ecology is in great contrast with the classical point of view. In the past centuries, the world was viewed from mechanistic dimensions as consisting of independent entities; the physical world governed b y blind laws of physics. Society, on the other hand, was seen as consisting of thinking beings guided by the ‘blind’ law of self-interest. According to the new world view, this perspective was too parochial and totally against the order of ecological systems. The old conception of reality resulted in the setting aside of man as being morally superior to other members of reality on the basis of being endowed with the mind. It was actually in contrast to both the principles of deep ecology as well as Leopold’s land ethic. If the principles are correctly applied, then the proper understanding of the interrelatedness of reality would be achieved. Adhering to the teachings of the past on reality will only serve to create opportunities for exploitation and suppression of the other members of the community. Current Issue Azzoni reported on Monday, November 21, 2011 that Chevron was fined $28 million for not preventing oil spillage off the Rio de Jenairo coast. This was after an investigative report indicated that the oil spill could have been averted were it not for lack of precaution by the company. Conservationists and the national government jointly condemned the unfortunate phenomenon. All of them accused the company of environmental crime and posing a great threat to the ecosystem. It was established that the company’s emergency workforce was very slow in response, taking nearly 10 hours before taking action on the matter. The clean-up process took even a longer period due to lack of appropriate equipment. From the article, it is evident that people are very much concerned with the need to take care of the environment including the waters and biodiversity. This demonstrates a strong sense of ecology both from the government and the citizens in Brazil. In applying the principles of deep ecology, albeit without knowing, the concerned parties accused the company of negligence in their duties as well as the risk of polluting the environmen t. In their judgment, the entire sea life was at risk due to suffocation caused by spilled oil. Recreational activities in the affected areas would also have to be suspended until proper cleaning is done. It is this awareness that caused outrage from all sides against Chevron Company. Conclusion This essay has discussed the connections between Leopold’s â€Å"Land ethic† and the platform of Deep Ecology and their appropriateness to environment ethics. Literature on each of the topic has been summarized. The paper has also constructed a critical position and potential challenges associated with the two topics. The usefulness of these connections to two current issues of environmental concern has been presented. The issue of global warming in America and recent oil spillage in Brazil as discussed in two separate articles has been critically analyzed in relation to the two topics. Land ethics and deep ecology, therefore, are critical areas in the study of environmental et hics and should be embraced by all. Works Cited Attfield, Robin. Environmental Ethics: An Overview for the Twenty-First Century. Wiley-Blackwell, 2003, 1- 78. Azzoni, Tales. â€Å"Brazil fines Chevron in $28 million for oil spill.† Environment News. Retrieved from https://www.houstonchronicle.com/business/article/Brazil-to-fine-Chevron-28-million-for-oil-spill-2281469.php Bunnin, Nicholas and Tsui-James, E. P. (eds). The Blackwell Companion to Philosophy  (2nd ed.). Oxford: Blackwell Publishing, 2003, 517-527. Callicort, Baaird J. In Defense of the Land Ethic: Essays in Environmental Philosophy. SUNY Press, 1989, 15-17. Hayward, John. â€Å"Nobel Laureate Resigns over Global Warming Dogma.† Fox News, September 15, 2011. Retrieved from https://humanevents.com/2011/09/15/nobel-laureate-resigns-over-global-warming-dogma/ Jamieson, Dale (ed). A Companion to Environmental Philosophy. Malden, MA: Blackwell Publishing, 2003, 204-219. This essay on Environmental Ethics: Land Ethic and the Platform of Deep Ecology was written and submitted by user Elin Vance to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

The End of The Indie Gold Rush -- A guest post for Bookmachine

The End of The Indie Gold Rush A guest post for Bookmachine The End of The Indie Gold Rush? A guest post for Bookmachine I was invited to guest post for Bookmachine and decided to dig deeper in the point made by Kristine Kathryn Rush that we might be at the end of the indie gold rush, if there ever was one. Here’s to starting the year on a positive note!An ALCS survey in the UK  last summer crystallised industry concerns about whether career authorship is a viable profession these days. The report painted a somewhat grim picture for professional and part-time authors alike–regardless of whether those authors publish traditionally or independently. (For a crash-course on the industry landscape, I recommend Kristine Kathryn Rush’s exhaustive report on â€Å"things indies learned in 2014†.)The question now is, has the indie â€Å"Gold Rush† passed? Is success finite, and has it been mined to depletion?I don’t believe so.In fact, I’m convinced we’ll see many more indie success stories over the next few years–maybe even more than the ones weâ €™ve witnessed so far. The â€Å"Gold Rush† ends when there is no more gold left, or no way to get to it. That’s not the case here. The problem today is that there are too many people who want to find it, and perhaps not enough of them willing to do the hard work it takes to strike it rich.Read the whole post over at Bookmachine!

Planning and Development - 1 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Planning and Development - 1 - Essay Example He aimed at limiting the number of people moving from rural or small towns to major cities, he lamented that such migrations led to overpopulation in major cities, which in turn compromised accommodation and other social amenities. He also proposed that each rural district was to have a single garden town managed by private corporations. This would enable the middle or low class individuals in industrial estates have better residential spaces rather than staying in a dormitory suburb that could barely accommodate 30,000 people. It is worth clarifying that Howard was not a designer, he only did drawings which were clearly labeled ‘diagram only’ to avoid confusions. He stated in his book that such drawings would only be called plans after the site is already selected. And the drawings portrayed his personal beliefs on how a good city should be developed, but he incorporated his engineering and architectural skills in his thoughts (Howard, 1898). He tried to convince commer cial developers that his idea was both economical and socially feasible. He later found Town and Country Planning Association that incorporated environmental conservation principles in construction designs and implementations. He combined efforts with Henry Harvey and co-partnership housing movement which attracted sufficient funding to start Letch worth Garden city in the northern part of London. Later Welwyn Garden city was started, immediately after World War II. His fame increased when he partnered with German architects to produce more human or social friendly designs in the residential construction sector. Germans also adopted the garden city plans and constructed one in Hellerau. Howards plans were used in several parts of developed nations. However, his idea was greatly opposed my some reporters due to some reasons. This work would discuss Times reporters objecting Howards planning ideas due to some reasons. Part 1: Limitations of Howard’s plans The times reporter tho ught Howard never included a population increase in his idea. Population rise is a common or natural phenomenon that should be incorporated into any project plan meant to serve human needs. The reported specifically argue that a single garden city can only handle about 32,000 people. This number is likely to be exceeded when more people migrate from rural to industrial estates in search of employment; furthermore, the industries are also likely to expand their operations to absorb more workers in both the companies and industrial estates. The reporter further argues the beauty of a residential estate is to accommodate all people in need and not the aesthetic beauty as taught by Howard. The reporter gives an example of Parkland and North Adelaide developments that were ruined by population overspill. From his drawings, Howard only focused on structures but nothing to do with the management both liquid and solid domestic wastes. In other words he only incorporated the engineering and architectural principles without considering the aspects of public health. The reporter laments that a normal human must produce some wastes that must be well managed for human health purposes. Howard plans need some amendments that would indicate the respective positions or locations of washroom facilities. The reporter who must consult some engineers, architectures and public health officers argue that it is recommended that a wash room should be placed some meters away from